Ox-eye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.)
Oxeye daisy is a clump-forming, herbaceous perennial that was originally introduced to the United States as an ornamental plant. It grows 1–3 feet tall (occasionally up to 3.5 feet) and produces thin stems that may arise from the base or grow erect and branch near the top.
Leaves are green, generally smooth (glabrous), and arranged alternately along the stems. Leaf shape varies by position on the plant. Basal leaves form a noticeable rosette and are typically spoon-shaped with long petioles and rounded, scalloped teeth along the margins. Stem leaves are smaller, shorter-stalked, and often deeply lobed or divided. Leaves become progressively smaller up the stem. When crushed, vegetation may emit an unpleasant odor.
Flowering occurs from early summer through fall. The showy flower heads are 1.5–2 inches wide and consist of numerous yellow disk florets in the center surrounded by white ray florets. The ray and disk florets are proportional in size. Flowers may be confused with scentless chamomile or Shasta daisy; however, scentless chamomile has fewer, more widely spaced ray florets, and Shasta daisy flowers are much larger (3–4 inches across).
Oxeye daisy spreads by seed and through a shallow, creeping root system. Seeds are small (about 1/16 inch long), brown to black, and marked with 8–10 white ridges.
Although sometimes mistaken for a harmless wildflower, oxeye daisy can displace native vegetation and degrade habitat. It is illegal to plant oxeye daisy in Wyoming. Recommended ornamental alternatives include Shasta daisy or blanket flower.
Quick ID Guide
Life Cycle:
• Perennial
• Clump-forming with shallow creeping roots
Height:
• 1–3 feet (up to 3.5 feet)
• Thin stems, branching near the top
Leaves:
• Basal rosette present
• Basal leaves spoon-shaped with scalloped edges
• Stem leaves smaller, often lobed
• Alternate arrangement
• Smaller leaves toward top
Flowers (Early Summer–Fall):
• 1.5–2 inches wide
• Yellow center (disk florets)
• White surrounding petals (ray florets)
• Proportional disk and ray size
Seeds:
• Small, brown to black
• 8–10 white ridges
Management Options
Prevention and strong cultural practices should be prioritized to limit the establishment and spread.
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Hand pulling or digging can be effective for small or newly established infestations, provided all lateral roots are completely removed. Any remaining root fragments may result in regrowth. Tillage to a depth of 6 inches or more may reduce infestations but requires careful follow-up monitoring. Equipment should be thoroughly cleaned after tillage to prevent transporting root fragments to uninfested areas.
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Mowing before flowering can reduce seed production; however, low-growing basal growth often persists in maintained or manicured landscapes. Controlled grazing is generally not effective. Grazing by dairy cattle should be avoided, as oxeye daisy can negatively affect milk flavor.
Large or established infestations are most effectively managed with herbicides. Spring applications help prevent flowering and seed production, while fall treatments may provide improved control of the root system. Always read and follow the herbicide label before use. Contact Sublette County
Weed & Pest for assistance with product selection, rates, and application timing.
